Varicose veins are a common pathological process, which is accompanied by varicose veins, the appearance of knots and blood stasis. Internal varicose veins of the legs are characterized by the nodular structure of the venous vessels of the epidermis. At the initial stage of the disease, there are no symptoms. Many people wonder what the treatment for this disease should be.
What is this disease?
Varicose veins of the lower extremities are a very dangerous disease which can be fatal. This is a pathological lesion of the organs of the circulatory system. With the complication of the disease, an irreversible process of stretching and stretching of the veins is observed.
Nodules start to form in the capillaries, hindering the normal flow of blood. With varicose veins of the deep veins, the walls of the vessels dilate so much that the function of the valves worsens. Due to this, the blood begins to stagnate in the legs.The disease mainly affects people between the ages of 30 and 40.
Development reasons
The causes of this disease can be very different. Among them are:
- hereditary factors (possible birth defect or weakness of venous cells);
- is more common in women (in women the disease is observed much more often due to the use of hormonal drugs, the risk also increases due to delayed childbirth);
- increased pressure inside the veins (this is due to an inactive lifestyle, in the presence of excess weight);
- the presence of neuroendocrine changes; mechanical obstacles to normal blood circulation (this can be facilitated by constant compression of the limbs);
- the presence of allergic reactions;
- changes in the immune system;
- disorders of the functioning of the valves of the venous system;
- this condition may start to develop due to cellulitis or dermatitis.
Before starting treatment, it is imperative to determine the root cause of the disease. An experienced phlebologist will help you do this.
Symptoms and manifestations of internal varicose veins
It is important to see a doctor in time,if varicose veins of the lower extremities appear. Symptoms of this disease at the stage of the appearance of varicose veins will be as follows:
- there is swelling of the extremities at the end of the day(this symptom is seen on the ankles and feet, edema may also appear in the lower half of theleg);
- the patient develops a feeling of heaviness in the calf muscles(a feeling of fullness occurs after a long walk or standing, this symptom may appear after a long stay in a sitting position).
A feature of this disease is the fact thatafter rest all symptoms go away without a trace. It also shrinks after a long rest.
During the period of progressive development of varicose veins, the following symptoms will begin to appear:
- in the area of the calf muscles, moderate pain begins to appear, these pains are dull and aching;
- local burning sensation and fatigue;
- excessive dryness of the skin appears, pigment spots and skin hardness begin to appear;
- cramps very often at night; Spider veins
- begin to appear on the epidermis;
- the internal veins of the legs, the photos of which are shown below, begin to expand significantly, they look like bunches of grapes;
- it is possible to form subtle wounds that heal for a long period of time.
Important!Untimely treatment of this disease in a patient can lead to a number of complications. In some cases, a fatal outcome is possible.
After a while, eczema and trophic ulcers start to appear. These symptoms very easily turn into gangrene. All of this can lead to limb amputation, sepsis or death.
The most dangerous consequence is the occurrence of a thrombus, with its subsequent separation. It becomes the death of the patient.
Symptoms and treatment of latent varicose veins is the issue of greatest concern to patients.
Processing methods
Treatment of varicose veins is carried out carefully and quickly. Treatment of the internal veins of the legs, the symptoms of which can manifest themselves in different ways, is carried out only after a preliminary diagnosis.The following techniques can be used:
compression- ; scleropathy
- ;
- drugs;
- surgical.
compression methodstreatments help to cope with the disease at its initial stage. This method of therapy involves the daily wearing of special compression underwear.
In scleropathy, a vein is blocked. This is due to the introduction of sclerotherapy preparations in it. After such actions, blood can easily pass through the capillaries without difficulty.
Conservative treatment is only effective if the first signs of the disease appear. Among the drugs, venotonics are prescribed to patients. They help to strengthen the walls of the blood vessels as much as possible.
Self-treatment of internal varicose veins is prohibited, the symptoms of which may be both mild and vice versa.
Prevention
In order to prevent the formation of varicose processes, it is imperative to know the root causes of this disease and prevent their development.The preventive measures are as follows:
- constant physical activity is necessary (people who lead an inactive lifestyle are much more susceptible to the disease. take occasional breaks, stand up and exercise so that theblood circulates normally. );
- in a sitting position, it is forbidden to cross the legs;
- give up all bad habits;
- pay attention to your diet, refuse too fatty and salty;
- to take therapeutic measures in relation to endocrine diseases, they lead to the development of varicose veins;
- only use loose shoes without pressure (it is necessary to ensure free circulation of blood, and also to limit yourself to shoes with heels);
- take baths in the sea, but it is necessary to eliminate solar overheating.
Conclusion
It should be noted that if at least one symptom of this disease manifests itself, it is necessary to urgently consult a specialist. The doctor will prescribe diagnostic procedures and indicate the appropriate treatment. The delay threatens with complications.
From the above we can summarize that latent varicose veins are a very dangerous disease that can have unwanted consequences. It is for this reason that when at least one symptom appears, it is necessary to seek help from a doctor. Only a specialist can select the necessary treatment.
Internal varicose veins of the legs: symptoms and treatment
The geography of the spread of varicose veins covers almost every country in the world, it is one of the oldest diseases known to mankind. According to medical statistics, varicose veins of the lower extremities and pelvic organs occur in 15-17% of the population. Today, patients with this diagnosis represent about 4% of all patients in surgical clinics. According to scientists, this disease is a kind of payment to humanity for its ability to walk upright. Let's take a look at what internal varicose veins are, the main symptoms of the disease, and effective treatment.
Explanation of the onset of the disease
The development of internal varicose veins on the legs is one of the most dangerous types of the disease, which is manifested by the pathological expansion of blood vessels located deep under the skin in the tissues.
Unfortunately, this disease often affects young people of working age, and in women the symptoms are much more common. Internal varicose veins on the legs are often accompanied by an external one in the form of strongly protruding tuberous veins with a pronounced cyanotic tint.
These symptoms of varicose veins make treatment difficult. The appearance of the legs with varicose knots is presented in many photos from medical sites.
The dilation of the venous vessels on the legs can be an independent pathology, but most often it is caused by other diseases, and therefore in modern medicine it is customary to divide varicose veins into primary and secondary. The cause of primary varicose veins of the deep veins of the legs is the weakness of the venous wall or its functional pathologies, these reasons also cause varicose veins of the pelvic organs. Among the main causes of the disease stand out:
- Pregnancy.
- Overweight, morbid obesity.
- Prolonged load on the lower limbs, constant work on the legs or combined with constant lifting of heavy loads.
- Hereditary or congenital weakness of the connective tissue of various organs.
- Long walk in high heels and wear stockings with tight elastic bands.
- In elderly patients, the formation of internal varicose veins can be caused by hormonal changes in the body.
The development of secondary internal varicose veins is a consequence of changes in the process of the outflow of venous blood in various diseases:
- Post-thrombophlebic syndrome.
- Deep vein valve failure.
- Organ tumors of various etiology.
- Injury to limbs and other organs.
The treatment for primary and secondary varicose veins is different.
Main features
The consequences of an internal varicose vein that is not detected in a timely manner can be very serious, therefore it is necessary to pay attention to the very first symptoms of the disease, especially since, compared with other forms of the disease, they manifest themselves very clearly visually. The main symptoms of internal varicose veins of the lower extremities are manifested by the following:
- The pain in the calf muscles is very strong, often intolerable to the point that the patient is forced to take strong analgesics regularly. These symptoms warrant immediate medical attention.
- The venous pattern on the lower extremities in the thigh area becomes pronounced, the vessels become strongly convex and tuberous, they are easily identified by palpation.
- The venous pattern acquires a cyanotic color, sometimes turning black, sometimes purple-red.
- The lower extremities are very swollen and the swelling does not decrease after a night's sleep.
- In the evening, after a day of standing work, the patient experiences frequent cramps in the calf muscles.
All of these symptoms dramatically worsen the patient's quality of life and require immediate medical attention, sometimes it is just surgical treatment of the veins.
Clinical presentation
The severity of symptoms of internal varicose veins depends on the stage of the disease.
At the initial stage, pathological changes in the walls of blood vessels are not detected, patients have swelling of the legs at the end of the working day and heaviness in the legs, but after a night's rest theseunpleasant sensations disappear.
Some patients have a slight pasty, this stage of the disease is called "intradermal varices". If treatment is started at this stage of the disease, the prognosis is very favorable, since the valve system of the veins has not yet changed and copes with the load, the pathological symptoms will quickly disappear.
In the second stage of the disease, the edema of the lower extremities becomes permanent, patients complain of constant heaviness in the legs and increased fatigue. Manifestations of internal varicose veins at this stage of the disease are also indicated by constant cramps of the calf muscles and cold extremities.
A photo in medical publications shows that blood vessels are starting to appear on the skin on the inside of the thigh, but the areas of their appearance are not painful on palpation. At this stage, the formation of varicose veins begins, there may be bleeding.
These symptoms get worse very quickly and if there is no treatment, the disease proceeds to the next stage.
The third stage of varicose veins of the legs is already well defined visually, this can be seen in the photo from various medical sources.
Varicose veins and saccular enlargements caused by severe circulatory disorders are already well defined under the skin of the calves and inner thigh.
At this point, in addition to the appearance of knots, the patient has brittleness and hair loss, dry skin, constant cramps in the calf muscles.
The fourth stage of the disease is already causing serious complications (bleeding, ulcers, etc. ), which can be fatal. You must start treating the disease immediately, without waiting for dreadful symptoms.
Complications
These are the following:
Trophic ulcers of the skin of the legs.
This is a very painful complication for the patient, since trophic ulcers heal very slowly, and the patient experiences constant itching and burning in the places of their localization.
The photo clearly shows that the ulcers are round in shape, brightly colored and with different types of secretions secreted: purulent, hemorrhagic or serous discharge. They appear on the calves and on the inside of the thigh.
With competent and timely therapy, healing of ulcers begins, but if there is no help or is not provided in a qualified manner, the patient may develop gangrene followed by amputation of themember. Death is also possible.
Traumatic bleeding.
Massive bleeding may be due to a ruptured vessel due to thinning of the venous wall under constantly increasing blood pressure or minor trauma. This syndrome is particularly dangerous because bleeding can lead to the death of the patient.
Thrombosis is a consequence of congestion and inflammation of the veins of the lower extremities. Thrombosis can be visually manifested only with swelling of the legs and severe pain.
With the formation of external venous nodes, thrombosis is accompanied by severe pain in the area of thrombus formation, venous pain on palpation, and fever in the area of thrombosis.
Thrombosis is very dangerous to the life of the patient and requires urgent hospitalization and treatment, as it can cause a heart attack and blockage of the pulmonary artery in the patient.
Principles of therapy
Internal varicose veins in the legs are very difficult to treat, and the effectiveness of treatment depends largely on the stage of the disease.
The general principles of the treatment of the disease include the normalization of hormonal levels, optimization of physical activity and compliance with the diet.
If the patient is obese, it is necessary to develop a method of weight loss and monitor its implementation. To normalize the tone of the vessels of the lower extremities, it is recommended to use compression stockings.
The most effective method of treatment is surgery, the technique of which is well developed in modern surgery. A possible complication of the operation is bleeding from a vein, but the risk is low.
If for some reason surgery is not possible, for example, if the patient is concerned that potentially fatal bleeding will start, treatment is carried out medically using the following groups of drugs:
- Antiplatelet agents - to thin the blood and prevent blood clots.
- Phlebotonic - to normalize blood circulation and prevent edema.
- Nitrates - to relieve pain symptoms.
- Angioprotectors - to normalize vascular tone.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - to reduce the possibility of platelet adhesion and relieve pain.
Many sources recommend treating varicose veins with folk remedies, on the Internet you can find many photos of calves and thighs in the style "before" and "after" on sites that promote the medicinetraditional and guarantee 100% recovery. Doctors are very wary of these drugs and warn that they can only be used as part of complex therapy.
Internal varicose veins of the lower extremities are a serious systemic disease that requires prompt and qualified treatment. The first alarming symptoms cannot be ignored. The sooner the patient seeks a doctor, the more effective the treatment will be.
Main characteristic symptoms
Specialists distinguish three stages of varicose veins of the lower extremities - compensation, under-compensation and decompensation.
Corresponds to light, medium and severe courses respectively. In some cases, it takes more than a year from the onset of the disease to the onset of symptoms.
There is virtually nothing to worry about during clearing. With strong excessive strain on the body, minor pain in the limbs is possible. Distal swelling that goes away after sleep.
Some people say they feel like spiders or goosebumps are crawling down their legs. This is a consequence of impaired blood circulation and tissue trophism.
The deep vein valve apparatus is largely intact. Visible superficial changes to the skin and veins are usually not seen.
Undercompensation is characterized by a more severe clinical picture. Pain occurs more and more often. They carry a sharp pain in the dagger. Ordinary contact can be hard work.
Patients cannot walk normally. The usual shopping trip is debugged to the last.
The legs are swollen to a large extent, exceeding the normal volume of the leg by one and a half times. Often, such swelling does not go away even after prolonged sleep. Depressed fingerprints remain on the shins. Many people notice cramps in the calf muscles.
During decompensation there are often signs of hemorrhage, thrombophlebitis and thrombosis, trophic ulcers.
Complications resulting from the development of internal varicose veins
The most common complication of varicose veins is bleeding. If not diagnosed in a timely manner, it can be fatal. Even minor bleeding from varicose veins in the lower extremities can cause irreparable damage. Stopping such a defect with a conventional compression bandage often fails. Many surgeons come to the ligation of the vessels or their coagulation.
The second most common complication is the addition of infections with the development of trophic ulcers. Due to a decrease in tissue trophism, abscesses do not heal for a long time, a chronic purulent focus is formed.
It is accompanied by general intoxication of the body, feverish temperature, profuse sweating. Such wounds take a very long time to heal. It depends on the degree of disruption of tissue trophism and the depth of the lesion.
Ulcers should not be bandaged frequently, as this can result in a scab that has started to form and lead to reformation of an open wound.
The second most common complication is deep vein thrombosis. With poor motor function, the blood stagnates and the risk of a blood clot increases, which in turn can cause pulmonary embolism.
Vascular surgeons are more afraid of a floating thrombus because it is its distal part that tends to rupture and lead to embolism.
Processing methods
The treatment of internal varicose veins of the lower extremities takes place in several stages.
Pharmacotherapy is the most popular direction that can be used at all stages of varicose veins, as well as for the prevention of vascular problems.
The basis of conservative treatment is taking venotonic drugs. They help strengthen the vascular wall, increase its elasticity and reduce blood stagnation. It is best to apply them internally and also externally to the injury site.
There are several classes of underwear used at different stages of the disease. Many models will be able to satisfy the individual desire of each person, I have only positive reviews.
When worn under clothing, does not cause discomfort or irritation.
An adequate and balanced diet is one of the important points in the treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities. It is necessary to drastically limit yourself in the consumption of salt and large amounts of fluids. The use of natural drinks and juices is desirable.
Nutrition should strictly correspond to human energy consumption and contain fewer calories in order to avoid overweight. You should limit yourself to the consumption of fatty and fried, spicy and sour foods. You should give preference to vegetables and fruits. Introduce seafood, fermented milk dishes, and products with digestible carbohydrates into your diet.
If conservative therapy methods are ineffective, they resort to surgical techniques. These include both invasive and minimally invasive treatments.
Prevention of pathology
Knowing the dangers of deep vein varicose veins, many want to prevent its occurrence in advance. To do this, you don't need to follow strict rules, you just need to bring your lifestyle back to normal.
The main preventive measure is regular and doable physical activity.
You can do gymnastics, yoga, walking, swimming, or even dancing to reduce your risk for many diseases.
In addition, it is advisable to completely or at least partially give up bad habits. It is recommended to regulate the hours of work and rest in order to give your body at least a short break.
It will be useful to adjust the diet except for fried, fatty, smoked, pickled, too spicy or salty foods. You need to eat more vegetables and fruits.
Regular contrast showers and relaxing foot baths are good preventative measures.